USA – A stomach virus causing sudden vomiting and diarrhea is spreading rapidly in parts of the United States this winter, according to recent health data.
The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) reported 91 norovirus outbreaks during the week of December 5, up from 69 outbreaks in the last week of November. In previous years, the number of outbreaks in early December has rarely exceeded 65.
What Is Norovirus?
Norovirus is the leading cause of foodborne illness in the U.S., accounting for 58% of such infections each year. This virus spreads easily, and even a small number of viral particles can cause illness.
There are approximately 2,500 norovirus outbreaks reported annually in the U.S., with cases peaking between November and April. The most common symptoms include sudden vomiting, diarrhea, nausea, stomach pain, body aches, headaches, and fever.
How Does It Spread?
Norovirus is primarily transmitted through direct contact with infected individuals, sharing food or utensils, or exposure to contaminated food, water, or surfaces.
How Long Does the Illness Last?
Symptoms typically appear 12 to 48 hours after exposure, and most people recover within one to three days. However, with an estimated 19 to 21 million cases each year in the U.S., norovirus leads to about 900 deaths and 109,000 hospitalizations annually, mainly among older adults. It also accounts for approximately 465,000 emergency room visits, mostly involving young children.
Who Is Most at Risk?
Anyone can get norovirus, but young children, older adults, and those with weakened immune systems are at higher risk. The main concern is dehydration from vomiting and diarrhea. Staying hydrated is crucial—drinking water and rehydration fluids (excluding coffee, tea, and alcohol) is recommended.
Signs of dehydration include reduced urination, dry mouth and throat, and dizziness when standing. In children, symptoms may include excessive sleepiness, fussiness, or crying with few or no tears.
How Can You Protect Yourself?
Frequent and thorough handwashing is the best defense against norovirus, especially during the winter months. Hands should be scrubbed with warm water and soap for at least 20 seconds before eating.
Additionally, disinfecting commonly touched surfaces with household cleaners can help reduce the spread of the virus.